CORAL REEF COMMUNITIES
I NDEX
algae 13, 16, 31, 41
Antarctic toothfish 14
Antarctica 4, 7, 17, 26, 28, 31, 37,
38–39, 41
Arctic 4, 7, 17, 26, 31, 37, 41
Arctic Ocean 4, 7, 13, 17, 26, 31, 34,
37, 41, 43, 44
Barents Sea 43
Lancaster Sound 44
Bering Sea 7, 11, 45
capelins 26
clione 17
cod 20, 25, 34
comb jellies 11, 25
corals 4, 16, 25, 34, 43
and reefs 34, 43
crinoids 29
crustaceans 4, 11, 20, 34
dangers to polar regions 11, 41, 42,
43, 44, 45
climate change 41, 42 43
commercial fishing 11, 41, 43,
44, 45
diets 7, 11, 13, 14, 16, 17, 20, 26, 34,
37, 39, 41
carnivorous 7, 11, 13, 14, 16, 17,
26, 34, 37, 39
and food web 7, 11, 13, 39
herbivorous 13, 26
scavenging 23, 37
dragonfish 34
flounders 20
Greenland halibut 34
Greenland sharks 13, 25, 37, 43
Head, Geoff 38–39
Heinrich, Willy 31
icefish 8
killer whales 11, 14, 26, 39
krill 7, 11, 13, 26, 34, 41
lion’s mane jellyfish 8
lumpuckers 20
marine protected areas 44
marine worms 4, 20, 23, 34
narwhals 34
octopuses 4, 11
parasites 19, 20
penguins 13, 14, 26, 37, 39, 41
plankton 7, 13, 20, 26
polar bears 11, 13, 14
polar ice 4, 7, 13, 14, 25, 26, 28, 31,
39, 41, 42, 43
Ross Ice Shelf 7
predators 7, 11, 13, 14, 16, 17, 20, 26,
34, 37, 39
relationships 19, 20
commensalism 19, 20
mutualism 20
parasitism 19, 20
reproduction 25, 26, 28, 29, 41
and offspring 25, 26, 29, 41
scallops 20
scientists 4, 7, 8, 11, 14, 17, 19, 20, 23,
26, 28, 31, 34, 37, 42, 45
Alexander Carsh 17
Gerald Kooyman 14, 28
Jim White 42
John S. Bunt 31
Jonathan Geller 23
Joseph MacInnis 31
Kendra L. Daly 11, 26
Markus Frederich 8
Michelle Ridgway 45
Nancy Smith 20
Robert A. Sohn 37
Sandra Brooke 34
Sea of Okhotsk 11
sea snails 17, 23
sea spiders 16
sea stars 4
seafloor terrain 7, 13, 23, 34, 37,
43, 45
canyons 7, 45
reefs 34, 43
volcanoes 37
seals 7, 11, 13, 14, 26, 28, 37, 39
Southern Ocean 4, 7, 8, 11, 13, 14, 17,
23, 26, 28, 31, 37, 38–39
sponges 4, 16, 20, 25
squid 7, 11, 26, 34, 37
walruses 26
whales 14, 34, 37, 43, 44
