7
T
h
e
T
h
a
m
e
s
T
u
n
n
e
l
u
n
d
e
r
t
h
e
r
i
v
e
r
w
a
s
d
u
g
b
e
t
w
e
e
n
1
8
2
5
a
n
d
1
8
4
3
.
O
r
i
g
i
n
a
l
l
y
b
u
i
l
t
f
o
r
h
o
r
s
e
-
d
r
a
w
n
c
a
r
r
i
a
g
e
s
,
i
t
i
s
n
o
w
p
a
r
t
o
f
L
o
n
d
o
n
’
s
m
e
t
r
o
,
t
h
e
U
n
d
e
r
g
r
o
u
n
d
.
I
s
l
e
o
f
S
h
e
p
p
e
y
L
o
n
d
o
n
B
r
i
d
g
e
F
o
u
l
n
e
s
s
T
w
o
T
r
e
e
I
s
l
a
n
d
t
h
e
r
i
v
e
r
a
n
d
c
a
n
b
e
r
a
i
s
e
d
w
h
e
n
n
e
c
e
s
s
a
r
y
.
e
x
c
e
p
t
i
o
n
a
l
h
i
g
h
t
i
d
e
s
.
T
h
e
g
a
t
e
s
r
e
s
t
o
n
t
h
e
b
o
t
t
o
m
o
f
T
h
e
T
h
a
m
e
s
B
a
r
r
i
e
r
i
s
a
d
a
m
t
h
a
t
p
r
o
t
e
c
t
s
L
o
n
d
o
n
a
g
a
i
n
s
t
t
h
e
1
7
t
h
a
n
d
1
9
t
h
c
e
n
t
u
r
i
e
s
.
T
h
a
m
e
s
d
u
r
i
n
g
t
h
e
L
i
t
t
l
e
I
c
e
A
g
e
,
b
e
t
w
e
e
n
F
r
o
s
t
f
a
i
r
s
w
e
r
e
h
e
l
d
a
n
n
u
a
l
l
y
o
n
t
h
e
f
r
o
z
e
n
h
e
a
d
q
u
a
r
t
e
r
s
,
L
o
n
d
i
n
i
u
m
,
o
n
t
h
e
n
o
r
t
h
b
a
n
k
o
f
t
h
e
T
h
a
m
e
s
.
T
h
e
R
o
m
a
n
s
i
n
v
a
d
e
d
B
r
i
t
a
i
n
i
n
4
3
C
E
.
T
h
e
y
b
u
i
l
t
t
h
e
i
r
i
n
t
h
e
W
i
l
l
o
w
s
,
a
c
h
i
l
d
r
e
n
’
s
b
o
o
k
b
y
K
e
n
n
e
t
h
G
r
a
h
a
m
e
,
p
u
b
l
i
s
h
e
d
i
n
1
9
0
8
.
T
h
e
T
h
a
m
e
s
i
s
t
h
e
i
d
y
l
l
i
c
s
e
t
t
i
n
g
f
o
r
T
h
e
W
i
n
d
I
n
G
r
e
e
n
w
i
c
h
l
i
e
s
t
h
e
p
r
i
m
e
m
e
r
i
d
i
a
n
—
t
h
e
z
e
r
o
p
o
i
n
t
u
s
e
d
t
o
d
e
t
e
r
m
i
n
e
l
o
n
g
i
t
u
d
e
.
S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
t
i
m
e
,
o
r
G
r
e
e
n
w
i
c
h
M
e
a
n
T
i
m
e
(
G
M
T
)
,
i
s
a
l
s
o
d
e
t
e
r
m
i
n
e
d
f
r
o
m
h
e
r
e
.
From its source in the Cotswold Hills, the
Thames
wends its way down and joins the Cherwell at Oxford.
The river flows past Henley, the royal residence of Windsor Castle, Eton College and through London to the
North Sea. From Teddington Lock the Thames becomes tidal—this stretch is called Tideway. In London the
water level can rise up to 7 m (23 ft) during spring tides. Its unique position makes the Thames the most
important waterway in England.
T
h
e
p
o
r
t
o
f
L
o
n
d
o
n
h
a
s
b
e
e
n
i
m
p
o
r
t
a
n
t
s
i
n
c
e
R
o
m
a
n
t
i
m
e
s
.
S
h
i
p
s
c
o
u
l
d
m
o
o
r
i
n
t
h
e
m
i
d
d
l
e
o
f
t
h
e
c
i
t
y
a
n
d
p
l
y
t
h
e
i
r
tr
a
d
e
.
O
v
e
r
c
e
n
t
u
r
i
e
s
t
h
e
p
o
r
t
m
o
v
e
d
c
l
o
s
e
r
t
o
t
h
e
r
i
v
e
r
’
s
m
o
u
t
h
w
i
t
h
g
o
o
d
s
t
r
a
n
s
p
o
r
t
e
d
t
o
t
h
e
i
n
t
e
r
i
o
r
b
y
r
o
a
d
o
r
r
a
i
l
.
r
e
a
p
p
e
a
r
e
d
i
n
t
h
e
w
i
l
d
.
b
u
t
s
i
n
c
e
1
9
4
7
h
a
s
e
x
t
i
n
c
t
i
n
E
n
g
l
a
n
d
b
y
1
8
4
0
T
h
e
a
v
o
c
e
t
w
a
s
t
h
o
u
g
h
t
t
o
b
e
