Page 11 - Were Native Americans the Victims of Genocide?

fate of Native Americans brought to Spain genocide
by, 15–16, 18 arguments for, are based on modern desire
motivations for exploration, 11, 14, 16 to assign guilt, 33
opinion of Native Americans, 12, 14 cultural, 56, 67
slavery proposed by, 17–18 defi nition and recognition of, 6
Columbus Day, 15 Taino compared to European Jews, 7–9
Comanche, 41, 57, 61 was intention of white people
conquistadors, 20–22, 21, 40 colonists, 28, 29
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment conquistadors, 21–22
of the Crime of Genocide (1948), 6 if necessary for removal of, 39
Cortés, Hernán, 20–22, 21 punishments for minor offenses, 42
Creek (modern-day Muscogee), 47, 49 Sand Creek Massacre, 58–59, 59
Cuba, 11, 12 spread of smallpox through blankets, 31
Curtis, Samuel, 58 “total war” strategy, 62–63, 63
Custer, George Armstrong, 63 Washington’s order to destroy Iroquois,
35–36
Daily Alta California (newspaper), 43 was not intention of white people
Dawes Act (1887), 54–55 displacement was for good of Native
A Declaration of the State of the Colony and Americans, 48–49
Affaires in Virginia (Waterhouse), 26–27 Europeans did not know germ theory, 7
DiLorenzo, Thomas, 62 explorers, 11, 12, 14, 16, 20
diseases, 30 murder for religious reasons as justifi ed,
introduction and spread of, 19, 20–22, 26, 28–29
30–31 Native Americans were as violent as
as killer of most Native Americans, 10, 40 Europeans, 31, 34–35
estimated number of Inca, 22 reaction to Sand Creek Massacre, 60
estimated number on Hispaniola, 19 Georgia, 46, 51
Europeans did not know germ theory, 7 Gilbert, Humphrey, 23
vaccine given to Native Americans, 32 Grant, Ulysses S., 62
Duane, James, 36
Dunbar-Ortiz, Roxanne, 6–7, 10 Harkins, George W. (Choctaw chief), 49
Hartmann, Thom, 19
education, 53–54, 55 Hispaniola and Columbus, 11, 12, 17–18, 19
Elizabeth I (queen of England), 23
England Incas, 22
colonization by indentured servants, 43
Carolinas, 28 Indian Massacre (1622), 26
Jamestown, 23–27, 29 Indian Removal Act (1830), 49, 52
Plymouth, 28, 32 Indian Territory (Oklahoma), 50, 52, 57
Roanoke, 23 Indian Wars
Protestant subjugation of Catholics in, 26 Battle of Little Big Horn, 63
Enlightenment, 38 destruction of buffalo, 62, 63, 66
environmentalism theory, 38 gold discoveries, 58
explorations raiding by Native Americans, 58–61
Cortés, 20–22, 21 railroads and, 62, 64, 64–65
diseases brought, 30–31 reduction in size of Indian Territory, 54–55,
motivations for, 9 57
conversion to Christianity, 12, 14 Sand Creek Massacre, 58–59, 59
economic, 11, 16, 20 “total war” strategy, 62–63, 63
Pizarro, 20, 22 Wounded Knee Massacre, 65–66
See also Columbus, Christopher An Indigenous Peoples’ History of the United
States (Dunbar-Ortiz), 6–7
Fausz, J. Frederick, 26 infl uenza, 30
Felten, David, 15 intent, as part of defi nition of genocide, 6
Ferdinand (king of Spain), 11, 16 Iroquois Confederacy, 34, 35–37
Florida, 40 Isabella (queen of Spain), 11, 18
Foote, Timothy, 15
Fox, 55 Jackson, Andrew, 46–49
Franciscan missionaries, 40–41, 41 James I (king of England), 24

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