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Gemstone Glossary

Guide

cabochon A polished, rounded mineral A solid formed in

gemstone. the ground or in water. Each
AGATE JASPER
Type: Mineral Type: Mineral crystal The regular shape that mineral is a mix of elements.
Appearance: Translucent; Appearance: Opaque; stripes
stripes of color ranging of brown, yellow, red, green, a mineral forms as it grows. opaque Not able to be
from white and yellow to or blue seen through.
blue, red, and green element A pure, basic
LAPIS LAZULI
AMBER Type: Rock substance. pressure A pressing force.
22 Type: Hardened resin Appearance: Opaque; blue 23

Appearance: Translucent; facet A small, flat surface. resin A substance that
ranging from yellow to red OPAL oozes from some trees
Type: Similar to a mineral, gemstone A beautiful and
AMETHYST but not a crystal and other plants.
Type: Mineral Appearance: Transparent to hard mineral or rock that is
Appearance: Transparent opaque; ranges from white used in jewelry. rock A solid made from
to translucent; purple to black, to rainbow colors different minerals.
DIAMOND RUBY geode A hollow rock that
Type: Mineral Type: Mineral contains minerals. translucent Allowing light
Appearance: Usually Appearance: Transparent to
transparent and colorless; translucent; red iridescent Shimmering with to pass through, but not able
may be colored to be seen through clearly.
SAPPHIRE different colors.
EMERALD Type: Mineral
Type: Mineral Appearance: Transparent to meteorite A piece of rock or transparent Able to be
Appearance: Transparent translucent; usually blue, but seen through clearly.
to translucent; green may be any color except red metal that has fallen to Earth
from space.