macronutrients, 15, 21
manufacturing, 9, 31, 34, 64
micronutrients, 15, 21.
See
minerals; vitamins
minerals: purpose, 21–22; types of, 25–26
National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine
(NCCAM), 30
National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS), 56
National Institutes of Health (NIH), 5, 30, 69
National Weight Control Registry, 44
NSF International, 11
obesity, 14, 16–17, 21
Olympic competition, 57
over-the-counter medications, 6, 37
performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs), 53, 56, 61, 62
physical activity, 19
position statements about supplements: International Olympic
Committee (IOC), 56–57; National Federation of State High
School Associations (NFHS), 56; U.S. Anti-Doping Agency
(USADA), 56
Presidential Active Lifestyle Award, 19
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA), 27
regulations, 6, 9
risk factors of supplements: death, 12, 26, 29, 40, 45, 47, 48;
dizziness, 4, 24; headache, 5; liver failure, 7, 42, 46, 49;
seizures, 7, 40, 45, 48; vomiting, 5
Rodriguez, Alex, 60–61
scams, 46, 68–69
scandals, 58–61
Sparling, Michael Lee, 48, 55
sports supplements, 48–62; ads for, 62; claims, 20; side effects,
48, 52; somatotropin, 58.
See also
anabolic-androgenic steroids
92
