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Black Death, 18, 20, 24 Hays, J.N.
described, 17 on Columbian plagues, 26–27
Justinian plague, 16 on effects of Justinian plague, 16
percentage dying if left untreated, 16 on HIV/AIDS, 53–54
cholera pandemic of 1817, 7 on polio vaccine, 45, 46
Columbian plagues on Spanish fl u, 42
cocoliztli, 31, 32, 33 hemorrhagic fever as one of Columbian
on Hispaniola, 29 plagues, 27
COVID-19, 5, 6, 62 Hispaniola, smallpox on, 29
HIV/AIDS, 52, 57 HIV/AIDS, 4, 53
polio, 45 appearance of, 53–54
smallpox, 29 celebrities with, 56–57, 57
Spanish fl u, 35 deaths, 52, 57
American soldiers, 40 diffi culties in developing vaccine for, 54–55,
Brevig Mission, Alaska, 39, 41 58
on Kansas Indian reservation, 34 discrimination and, 56
number of victims and deaths, 35 Kaposi’s Sarcoma and, 51
prevention and, 39–40 relationship of AIDS to HIV, 52
speed of, 36 signs and symptoms of, 51, 52
unburied bodies in ancient China, 6 societal attitudes and, 55–57
Diessenhoven, Heinrich Truchess von, 20 spread of, 52, 54, 55–56
Discover (magazine), 65 treatments for, 58–59
diseases victims by race/ethnicity, 55
birds as transmitters of, 41 worldwide number of victims living with, 59
epidemics, 7, 50 Hobby, Oveta C., 49–50
fl eas as transmitters of, 10, 16 Homer-Dixon, Thomas, 8
mammals as transmitters of, 41 Hudson, Rock, 56
pandemics Hultin, Johan, 41
defi ning, 7 human immunodefi ciency virus (HIV). See HIV/
distinction between epidemics and, 7 AIDS
future, 67
overview of, 4 infantile paralysis. See polio (poliomyelitis)
primates as transmitters of, 9, 54 infl uenza, 8, 63
switch from hunting and gathering to See also COVID-19; Spanish fl u
agriculture and, 10
Doherty, Peter C., 7, 54 Jews, 20
Johnson, Earvin “Magic,” 57
England, Black Death and peasant revolt in, Justinian plague, 4, 15–16, 18, 22
21, 21
enteric fever (cocoliztli) Kaposi’s Sarcoma, 51
cause of, 32–33 Khazan, Olga, 64
deaths, 31, 32, 33 Krusen, Wilmer, 39
as one of Columbian plagues, 27
signs and symptoms of, 31 Ladies’ Home Journal, 44
epidemics, 7, 50 life expectancy and Spanish fl u, 36

Falwell, Jerry, 55 MacKenzie, Debora, 62
fl eas, 10, 16 malaria, 9
fl u, 8 mammals as transmitters of diseases, 41
See also COVID-19; Spanish fl u March of Dimes, 47
France, Black Death and peasant revolt in, 21 Mary, Queen of Scots, 8
Froissart, Jean, 21 masks, wearing of, 37, 65
McNeill, William H.
Galen, 14, 15 on agriculture and spread of disease, 10
Gallo, Robert C., 52 on effect of Columbian plagues, 28–29
primates as transmitters of diseases, 9
Hatti (land of the Hittites, part of what is now Mercury, Freddie, 56–57, 57
Turkey), 11 Mesopotamia, 11

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