Page 16 - My FlipBook
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disasters, social media and,          use as label to discredit
                 35–37                                 news media, 24–27
               Disinfo Lab, 57                       in US history, 9–10
                                                     willingness of people to
               Economist (magazine), 20                believe, 28–30
                                                   filter bubbles, 35
               Facebook, 11, 23–24                 First Draft News, 27
                 access to users’ private
                   data, 51–52                     Gillmor, Dan, 30
                 acknowledges Russian              Ginsburg, Ruth Bader, 22–
                   hacking of platform, 53           23, 23
                 actions taken to halt             González, Emma, 12, 12,
                   misinformation                    56
                   campaigns, 54–55                Google, 36, 53, 56–57
                 algorithm used on, 38, 41         Gordon, Anton, 19
                 false articles/posts on, 5–6,     Gromek, Chris, 20
                   14–15, 49                       Guardian (newspaper),
                 number of active users on,          13–14
                   31
                 percentage of adults getting      Hawkins, Zoe, 17–18
                   news through, 32                Hogg, David, 29, 29–30
                 use of AI by, 59                  Horner, Paul, 15–16
               FactCheck.org, 24, 70               Howard, Philip N., 31, 40,
               fake news                             48–49
                 definition of, 11–13              Hurricane Irma (2017), 35–36
                 impacts of, 17–19                 Hurricane Sandy (2012), 36
                   on trust in media, 7–8          Hutchinson, Thomas, 9–10
                 motivations for creating,
                   14–17                           India, fake news and mob
                 online, 4                           violence in, 11
                 restrictions on, 59–61            information
                 social media and spread of,         confirmation bias and
                   33–35                               processing of, 35
                 sources of, 13–14, 15               ways to evaluate, 30, 69





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